COMARC/B | June | 2016 |
This field describes the form of a musical work and also details on musical instruments and/or voices.
The subfield contains a two-character (three-character) code indicating the form of a musical work, if there is more than one form.
abs | absolutio |
acc | accademia |
acl | acclamatio Use also for laudes regiae and similar. |
acm | actus musicus |
agn | agnus dei |
ai | air Use also for ayre; for instrumental air prefer "ain" – air, instrumental. |
ain | air, instrumental |
aka | akathistos |
ala | alba |
alb | albumleaf Use also for albumblatt and feuille d'album. |
all | alleluia |
alm | allemande Use also for almain and alman. |
ame | amener Use also for passeggiata. |
an | anthem A cappella form or a vocal-instrumental form of a musical work in the Anglican church. |
ana | anagramma |
ane | ante evangelium |
ant | antiphon |
app | applauso Use also for Singgedicht. |
ar | aria Use for vocal form of musical work, for instrumental forms prefer "arn" – aria, instrumental. |
ara | arabesque |
ari | ariette |
ark | aurresku Use also for baile real, desafio, eskudanza and similar. |
arn | aria, instrumental |
ars | arioso |
aub | aubade Use also for instrumental alba, aube and alborada. |
azm | azione musicale Use for 20th century works so designated; use also for azione lirica and similar. |
azs | azione sacra Mostly Viennese from 17th century; use also for trattenimento sacro. |
azt | azione teatrale |
bac | baccanale |
bad | badinage Use also for badinerie. |
bag | bagatelle |
bai | baiao |
bal | ballo Use for social gatherings and professional stage choreographies. |
bar | barcarole |
bat | battaglia |
bbp | bebop |
bcs | berceuse Use for art form lullaby, Wiegenlied etc. |
bd | ballad Use for art form from 19th and 20th century; for folk or popular balladry use "fm" – folk music. |
bde | ballade, vocal Musical work from 14th and 15th century. |
bdi | ballade, instrumental Musical work form 19th and 20th century. |
bea | beat |
beg | beguine |
ben | benedictus |
bfm | barform |
bg | bluegrass |
bgk | bugaku Use also for gagaku. |
bhn | bergreihen |
bic | bicinium |
bkb | black bottom |
bkg | bankelgesang Use also for Moritat. |
bkm | black music |
bl | blues |
blc | cuban bolero |
bll | ballata Musical work from 13th to 15th century. |
blo | ballad opera |
blt | bluette |
bol | bolero |
bou | bourree |
bra | branle |
brg | bergamasque danse |
brr | barriera |
brt | bergerette |
bru | brunette |
bsd | basse danse |
bst | boston Use also for three step danses, eg. American valse. |
bt | ballet Use for theatrical exhibitions of danse and pantomimic action, ballet de cour and similar. |
btd | boutade |
bto | balletto Use for vocal or instrumental forms of the 16th and 17th century. |
btq | batuque |
bur | burlesque |
bwg | boogie-woogie |
byc | byzantine canon |
ca | capriccio* |
cab | cabaletta |
cac | caccia |
cad | cadenza |
cal | calata |
can | can-can Use also for chahut. |
cav | cavatina |
cb | chant, non-Christian Except where an individual code has been assigned to a specific code. |
cc | chant, Christian Use for plainchant, Gregorian chant and similar, except where an individual code has been assigned to a specific form. |
cc1 | chant, Catholic* |
cc2 | chant, Protestant* |
cc3 | chant, Ortodox* |
cch | catch |
ccl | canticle Use also for canticum. |
ccn | cancion |
cdg | chanson de geste Use for French songs of heroic deeds from the Middle Ages. |
cdo | children opera |
cdt | chanson de toile |
cfr | confractorium |
cg | concerto grosso |
cga | conga |
ch | choral |
ch1 | gregorian choral* Use also for leise, himnus, organum, psalm and similar. |
ch2 | Protestant choral* |
cha | cha-cha-cha |
chc | chaconne Use also for ciacona. |
chh | cachucha |
chn | charleston Use also for spirù. |
cho | chamber opera |
chp | character piece Use also for Charakterstück, bozzetto, esquisse, leggenda, pensée, souvenir and similar. |
chr | choir |
chs | children's song |
cht | chanson sentencieuse Use also for dit, Spruch. |
chz | chiarenzana Use also for chiarentana, chirinitana, giaranzana. |
ckw | cakewalk |
cl | choral prelude |
cld | colinda |
cli | choral, instrumental |
cll | carosello |
clu | clausula |
cly | calypso |
cmg | carmagnole |
cmm | communion Proper chant of the mass. |
cmn | carmen |
cmp | completorium Use also for compline, complin, night prayer. |
cn | canon Musical work employing strict imitation throughout; for vocal rounds prefer "rde" – rondeau. |
cnd | conductus |
cnl | cantilena |
cnr | canario |
cns | canso |
co | concerto |
cob | comdie-ballet |
cop | concert piece |
cou | couplet |
cow | competition/examination work |
cp | chanson, polyphonic Use for French polyphonic songs of the late Middle Ages and Renaissance. |
cpl | copla |
cpm | commedia per musica |
cr | carol Anglican Christmas songs. |
cra | carola |
cre | credo |
cri | carioca |
crr | corrido |
crt | corant Use also for courante. |
cs | chance composition, aleatoric music |
csa | csrds |
cse | chasse |
csg | carnival song |
csn | chanson, monodic Lyric compositions set to French words. Use for the works of the French chansonniers or for the 19th-20th century forms. For earlier periods prefer more specific terms; for chanson populaire use "fso" – folk song. |
css | chanson spirituelle |
cst | cassation |
csy | chamber symphony |
ct | cantata |
ctc | contacio |
ctd | contredance |
ctf | contrafactum Use also for travestimento spiritual. |
ctg | cantiga |
cti | cantio |
ctl | cotillon Use also for contredance française. |
cto | cento |
ctp | counterpoint |
cue | cueca |
cy | country music |
cyd | country dance Includes longways and square dance and instrumental round. |
cz | canzona Instrumental music so designated. |
czn | canzone Use for the works of the Italian songs so defined during the 19th-20th centuries. For earlier periods use more specific terms. |
czp | canzone, polyphonic Instrumental works drom the 16th century, except where an individual code has been assigned to a specific form. |
czs | canzonetta spirituale |
czt | canzonetta Musical works from the 16th to the 19th century. |
dbl | double |
dec | decimino |
des | descort |
dev | devozione |
df | dance form Except where an individual code has been assigned to a specific form. |
dia | dialogue |
dim | disco music |
din | dramatic introduction |
dix | dixieland |
dmk | dumka |
dod | dance of death Use also for danse macabre (French), danza de la muerte (Spanish), dansa de la mort (Catalan), danza macabra (Italian), dança da morte (Portugese), totentanz (German), dodendans (Dutch). |
dox | doxology |
drh | dreher |
drs | drinking song Use for brindisi, chanson à boire and similar. |
dsg | disguisings |
dtr | dithyramb |
due | duet Vocal form. |
dui | duo Instrumental form. |
dv | divertimento Instrumental music so designated; includes divertissements of the 18th century; for serenades and cassations prefer specific codes. |
eco | cossaise |
egl | eglogue |
ele | elevatio |
ely | elegy |
ens | ensalada |
ent | entree |
enw | english waltz |
epo | epos |
ept | epithalamium |
est | estampie Use also for ductia. |
ext | extravaganza |
fad | fado |
faf | fanfare |
far | farce |
fax | fauxbourdon |
fea | feast |
fg | fugue Instrumental music from the 17th century and later so designated; contrapunctal compositions built on a subject which is introduced at the beginning in imitation and recurs throughout interspersed with other contrapunctal materials, from the 17th century and later (see example 1). |
fin | finale |
fla | flamenco Includes cante chico, cante hondo, seguiriya and similar. |
fls | flagellant song Use also for Geisselerlied. |
fm | folk music Includes folk songs, ballads etc.; if existing prefer a more specific code. |
fmm | masonic music |
fnd | fandango Includes granadina, rondeña and similar. |
fnk | funk |
fns | funeral song |
fol | folie |
for | forlana |
fox | foxtrot Use also for quickstep and slowfox. |
frd | farandole |
frj | free jazz |
fro | frottola Use also for barzelletta, capitolo and similar. |
frs | fricassee Use also for medley. |
fso | folk song |
ft | fantasia Instrumental music so designated; includes fancies, fantasies etc.; and includes nonfugalricercars of the 16th and 17th centuries. |
fum | funeral march |
fur | furiant |
fus | fusion |
fvm | favola per musica |
gai | gaillard Use also for sink-a-pace and similar. |
gal | galop Use also for Rutscher, Schnell-Polka and similar. |
gas | gassenhauer |
gav | gavotte |
gch | genero chico |
gig | gigue Composition for baroc danse. |
gle | glee |
glo | gloria |
gm | gospel music Afro American spiritual music which also includes spiritual. |
gop | gopak Use also for Ukrainian dance hopak. |
gos | goliard song |
gra | gradual |
gre | greghesca |
gro | grand opera |
gym | gymel |
gyp | gypsy song Use also for Roma song. |
hab | habanera |
had | hadutanc |
hal | halling |
hem | heavy metal |
hip | hip-hop |
hit | hit Use for commercial popular songs, canzonetta leggera, Schlager etc. |
hoq | hoquetus |
hpp | hornpipe |
hrk | hard rock |
hum | humoresque |
hy | hymn Use for the musical form in the Catholic church; use also for praise. |
hym | hymenaios |
idy | idyll |
imp | imploratio |
imu | impromptu Use also for improvviso. |
in | intermezzo |
inc | invocatio |
ind | intrada |
ing | ingressa |
inm | incidental/theatre music |
int | introduction Chiefly associated with instrumental music of the classical period including instrumental music of operatic genre; for introductions including voices use "din" – dramatic introduction. |
inv | invention |
iph | iporchema |
ipp | improperia |
iru | interlude |
itd | intermedio |
itn | intonation |
itt | introit |
ivu | invitatorium |
jep | jeu parti |
jgg | jigg Stage entertainment. |
jig | jig Dance form. |
jot | jota |
jub | jubilee |
jus | justiniane Use for giustiniana, vinitiana, justiniana etc. |
jz | jazz Except where an individual code has been assigned to a specific form. |
kld | koleda |
kol | kolo |
kra | krakowiak Use also for cracovienne, flisak, volta polonica and similar. |
kuj | kujawiak |
kyr | kyrie |
lai | lai |
lam | lament Use also for dirge. |
lau | lauda |
lby | lullaby/cradle song For the art form use "bcs" – berceuse. |
lds | liederspiel |
ldy | lindy Use also for breakaway, jitterburg and similar. |
lec | lectio |
les | leise |
lgu | langaus |
li | lied |
lic | licenza Use also for epilogue and similar. |
lid | liturgical drama |
lir | lirica Work mainly for solo voice and piano. |
lmz | lamentations |
lnd | landler Includes works for Austrian, German and Swiss folk dances, for example bayrischer, tyrolienne and similar. |
lod | lauda |
lou | loure |
lty | litany |
luc | lucernario |
lyh | liturgy of the hours Use also for Officium, devine office etc. |
mat | matin |
maz | mazur |
mbm | mambo |
mc | musical revue and comedy For musical revue prefer "rev" – revue. |
mcc | macchietta |
md | madrigal |
mda | melodrama Use for monodrama, melologo and similar. |
mdc | madrigal comedy Use for madrigale rappresentativo and similar. |
mds | morceau de salon |
mdy | melody Vocal or instrumental music so designated. |
mgg | maggiolata |
mgs | madrigale spirituale |
mi | minuet |
mim | military march |
mld | melodie French mid-19th century vocal form. |
mlg | malaguena |
mls | melos |
mmd | mimodramma |
mme | musique mesuree |
mmm | mumming |
mmo | multimedia opera |
mng | milonga |
mnh | modinha |
mo | motet |
mod | morris dance |
mon | monferrina |
mor | morality |
mp | moving picture music Use for soundtracks, film, TV programme or video game music. |
mph | metamorphosis |
mqu | masque |
mr | march |
ms | mass Except where an individual code has been assigned to a specific part of the mass. |
msc | moresca |
msq | masquerade Use also for divertimento carnevalesco, trionfo and similar. |
mst | mistery |
mtb | matachins buffens |
mth | method Use for didactic tutors. |
mtp | moto perpetuo |
mtz | mutanza |
mu | multiple forms Works which include different compositions. |
mum | musical moment |
mun | muneira |
mus | musette |
mxx | maxixe |
mym | military music |
mz | mazurka |
nat | national anthem |
nau | nauba |
nc | nocturne |
nen | nenia |
noe | noel |
nom | nomos |
non | nonet |
nov | novellette |
nry | nursery-rhyme Use also for filastrocca and similar. |
ntz | nachtanz |
nwa | new age |
nww | new wave |
nz | folk and pop music* |
obk | oberek |
oct | octet |
ode | ode |
ofd | officium defunctorum |
off | offertorium Proper chant of the mass. |
ogm | organum |
ons | onestep Use also for castle walk, turkey trot and similar. |
op | opera Includes melodrama, drame-lyric and similar; use also where an individual code has not been assigned to a specific form. |
opb | opera-ballet |
opc | opera comique Use also for comédie mêlée d’ariette. |
opf | opera bouffe French late 19th century humourious and satiric form. |
opm | opera semiseria Includes drama semiserio and similar. |
ops | opera seria Includes dramma per musica, melodramma tragico and similar. |
opt | operetta |
opu | opera buffa, comic opera Includes dramma giocoso, opéra bouffon, azione comica azione comica. |
or | oratorio Includes melodramma sacra, opera spirituale and similar. |
ora | oratio |
orm | organ mass |
ov | overture |
pad | pastoral drama Includes Hirtenstück, dramma boschereccio and similar dramatic forms. |
pae | paean |
pbr | pibroch |
pch | pastiche |
pco | postcommunio |
pdd | pas de deux |
pdv | padovana |
pdy | parody |
pev | post evangelium |
pf | prelude and fugue Use preferably two individual codes. |
pg | programme music |
pgl | pavaniglia |
phy | patriotic hymn |
pic | planctus |
piv | piva |
pl | polka* |
ple | post lectionem |
pll | penillon |
plo | palotas |
plr | plaisanterie |
pls | plantation song Song of plantation workers and slaves. |
plt | plainte |
plu | postlude |
pm | passion music |
pmk | polka mazurka |
pmm | pantomime |
pnk | punk |
po | polonaise |
pol | polo |
pot | potpourri |
pp | popular music Except where an individual code has been assigned to a specific form. |
pph | paraphrase |
ppo | puppet opera |
prd | prelude Use also for praeambulum, preambulo and similar. |
pre | preghiera Use for non-liturgical prayers. |
prf | praefatio |
prg | perigourdine |
prl | prologue |
prm | processional march |
pro | prooemium |
prt | partimento |
prz | prophecie |
ps | passacaglia Instrumental music so designated; includes all types of ostinato basses, except where an individual code has been assigned to a specific form. |
psa | psalm |
psd | paso doble |
psl | pastourelle |
psp | passepied |
psr | pas redouble |
pst | pastoral Use for non-dramatic forms. |
pt | part-song |
ptn | pater noster |
ptt | partita |
pv | pavan |
pzz | passamezzo |
qdl | quadrille |
qua | quartet |
qui | quintet |
quo | quodlibet |
rad | rada |
rao | radio opera |
rap | rap |
rc | rock music |
rct | recit |
rd | rondo Includes instrumental rondeau. |
rde | rondeau Use for medieval vocal forms; use also for rondellus, round and similar. |
rdv | ranz des vaches Use also for Kuhreigen and similar. |
rdw | redowa |
rec | recitative |
ree | reel |
rej | rejouissance |
rem | reminiscence |
rer | reverie |
res | responsorium |
rev | revue Use also for rivista. |
rg | ragtime |
rgg | reggae |
rgl | reigenlied |
rgr | ruggiero Use also for basso ostinato. |
rhb | rhythm and blues |
rhl | rheinlander Use also for Bayerische Polka and similar. |
ri | ricercare Nonfugal ricercars of the 16th and 17th centuries are coded as fantasias. |
rig | rigaudon |
ris | rispetto |
rit | ritornello Use also for refrain, reprise and similar. |
rjk | rejdovak |
rmc | romance Instrumental form. |
rmy | religious melody |
rmz | romanca Vocal form. |
rot | rota Italian dance form from the 14th century; for the canon form use "rde" – rondeau. |
rp | rhapsody |
rq | requiem mass |
rsc | romanesca |
rsp | raspa |
rtg | rotruenge |
rtt | rotta |
rue | rueda |
rug | ruggero Italian folk dance. |
rum | rumba |
sad | sacred drama Use for the works so designated. |
sae | saeta |
sai | sainete |
san | sanctus |
sar | sacra rappresentazione Renaissance form; includes mistero, auto sacramental and similar. |
scc | sacred cantata |
scd | sholastic drama |
sce | scene |
sch | scherzo |
scp | schuhplattler |
scs | sacred song Non-liturgical song. |
sct | scat |
sdh | schnadahupfl Use also for Gstanzl, låtar and similar. |
sdr | scherzo drammatico Use for the works so designated. |
se | sequence* |
sep | sepolcro |
sev | sevillana |
sex | sextet |
sft | sinfonietta Use for small symphony. |
sg | song Except where an individual code has been assigned to a specific form. |
sgl | seguidilla |
sha | shanty |
shm | shimmy |
si | sinfonia Use for works so designated from the late Renaissance for a variety of performing media, usually instrumental ensembles, commonly part of a larger framework. |
sic | siciliana |
ska | ska |
skt | sketch |
sll | sallenda |
slq | soliloquy Use also for monologue. |
sls | salsa |
slt | saltarello Use also for pas de Brabant and similar. |
smb | samba |
sml | psalmellus |
sn | sonata See example 6. |
sn1 | sonate a due* |
sn2 | sonate a tre* |
sn3 | sonate a quattro* |
sn4 | sonate a cinque* Sonata da chiesa and da camera are classified in view of the number of voice. |
snd | serenade Instrumental form, use also for Nachtmuzik, Ständchen and similar. |
snt | serenata Vocal form. |
sol | solfeggio |
sou | soul |
sp | symphonic poem |
spi | spiritual |
sps | social and political song, prison song, emigrant song, work song |
spt | septet |
sq | square dance |
srb | sarabande |
srd | sardana |
srm | sarum |
srv | sirventes |
ssp | singspiel |
sss | seises |
st | study/exercise |
ste | schottische Use also for German polka, Ecossaise valzer and similar. |
sth | schottish Use also for seven step polka and similar. |
sto | stornello |
str | strambotto |
sts | strathspey |
stt | saltarello tedesco |
su | suite Use also for ordre. |
swi | swing |
sww | song without words |
sy | symphony Use for an extended and autonomous work for orchestra. |
syc | sinfonia concertante Also symphonie concertante (French). |
syd | symphonie dramatique Use for the works so designated, use also for drame symphonique. |
sym | symbolum |
syo | syomyo |
tar | tarantella |
tc | toccata Instrumental music so designated. |
tcn | trecanum |
tct | tricotet |
tdn | triodion |
tem | techno music |
ten | tenso |
ter | terzet Vocal form. |
tex | tex-mex |
tfm | tafelmusik |
thr | threnos |
ths | third stream |
tir | tirana |
tmb | tamburin |
tnc | trenchmore |
tng | tango |
tod | torch dance |
tom | tombeau |
ton | tonadilla |
tou | tourney |
tra | tract Proper chant of the mass. |
trd | tourdion |
trg | trishagion |
tri | trio Instrumental form. |
trl | tragedie lyrique |
trm | tricinium |
tro | trope |
trq | traquenard |
trs | treatise |
trt | transitorium |
trz | trezza |
ttt | tattoo |
tum | tumba Use also for contradanza criolla. |
tvo | television opera |
two | two-step |
vau | vaudeville |
vir | virelai |
vlc | villancico |
vln | villanella Use also for canzone alla napoletana and similar. |
vlt | villotta |
vly | voluntary |
vnz | veneziana |
voc | vocalise |
vol | volta |
vr | variation Includes division, ground and similar (see example 2). |
vra | verse, alleluia Proper chant of the mass. |
vrg | verse, gradual The second proper chant of the mass. |
vri | verse, introit Introductional proper chant of the mass. |
vrl | versicle |
vrr | verse, responsorium Choral chant. |
vrs | verse |
vsp | vespers Use also for evening office. |
vvn | varsovienne |
wem | wedding march |
wom | world music |
wsg | war song |
wz | waltz |
yar | yaravi |
zam | zamacueca |
zap | zapateado |
zar | zarzuela |
zmb | zamba |
zop | zoppa |
zor | zortziko |
zwi | zwiefacher |
zz | other form |
A two-character code specifies the type of an instrument or a voice. In both subfields the codes from the same code list are used (see examples 1, 2, 3, 5, 6).
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A vocal chamber ensemble is classified in view of voices cast: e.g. quartet [2 men's + 2 women's voices] as "ca", men's octet as "cc", and women's nonet as "cb".
Code "unspecified" is used where the ensemble is not stated on the basic data source, and not on parts.
The subfield contains a code indicating the key or church mode of the musical work, if significant. Major keys are indicated with a letter "a"–"g", minor keys with a letter "a"–"g" followes by "m"; sharps with "x", flats with "b" following the key code. "Gregorian" church modes are indicated with a number "01"–"13" (see example 4).
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128 ⊔⊔ afg btb 200 1⊔ aFour fugues for guitar trio 128 ⊔⊔ avr cka 128 ⊔⊔ avr cka csa csc 128 ⊔⊔ avr cka csa csb csc 200 1⊔ aVariations for solo piano, piano trio and piano quartet 128 ⊔⊔ aco boc cwa 200 1⊔ aConcerto for two flutes & string orchestra in D minor 128 ⊔⊔ ams d01 200 1⊔ aMissa quatuor vocibus primi toni *
128 ⊔⊔ aco boc csa 200 0⊔ aConcerto funebre für Solo-Violine und Streichorchester *
128 ⊔⊔ asn cka 200 0⊔ aSonaten epiano solo